[Free] 🔍 Building a Mini Port Scanner in Python (For Beginners)

Building a Mini Port Scanner in Python (For Beginners)

Have you ever wondered how tools like Nmap scan open ports on a system? In this post, I’ll show you how to create a simple port scanner using Python — great for beginners learning about network security and ethical hacking.

### What Is a Port Scanner?

A port scanner checks a target machine to see which network ports are open and accepting connections. This is useful in:

• Security audits
• Network troubleshooting
• Ethical hacking and pentesting

Tools We'll Use
Just Python’s built-in libraries! No need for external packages.

• socket – for creating TCP connections
• time – for measuring scan duration

Python Code: Mini Port Scanner​

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import socket
import time

# Get user input
target = input("Enter target IP address: ")

# List of common ports to scan
ports = [21, 22, 23, 25, 53, 80, 110, 139, 143, 443, 445, 3306, 8080]

print(f"\n[+] Scanning {target} on {len(ports)} ports...\n")
start_time = time.time()

for port in ports:
sock = socket.socket(socket.AF_INET, socket.SOCK_STREAM)
sock.settimeout(1) # 1 second timeout
result = sock.connect_ex((target, port))
if result == 0:
print(f" Port {port} is OPEN")
else:
print(f" Port {port} is CLOSED")
sock.close()

end_time = time.time()
print(f"\nScan completed in {round(end_time - start_time, 2)} seconds.")

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How It Works

• The socket.connect_ex() method tries to open a TCP connection.
• If it returns 0, the port is open.
• We use a short timeout so it doesn't hang on closed ports.

Want to Take It Further?

• Add multithreading to speed up scans.
• Support full port range (1–65535).
• Detect service banners on open ports.
• Save results to a file.

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